In prayer language derived from Arabic which means: prayer. Whereas significant prayer is known in a series of specific activities or special worship that began with takbiratul salam.Praktik ihram and end with prayer must comply with all instructions manner as figure pengejawantah Prophet of Allah SWT commands. Rasulullah SAW said, Shalatlah you according to what you see I'm practicing. (Bukhari-Muslim).
Legal Prayers
Prayers congregation
Law of prayer can be categorized as follows:
• Fardhu,
fardhu Prayer is the prayer that is required to do it. Prayers Fardhu divided into two, namely:
o Fardhu 'Ain: is required to mukallaf liabilities directly associated with him and should not be abandoned or implemented by others, such as the five daily prayers and Friday prayers (Fardhu' Ain for men).
cycles of prayer fardhu
- Dhuhur: 4 cycles
- asar: 4 cycles of
- maghrib: 3 cycles
- isya ': 4 cycles
- subuh: two cycles
• Nafilah (voluntary prayer), Nafilah Prayers are prayers or disunnahkan recommended but not required. Prayers nafilah divided into two, namely
o Nafil Muakkad is recommended voluntary prayer with a strong emphasis (almost obligatory), as two holiday prayers, voluntary prayers and witr prayer thawaf voluntary.
o Nafil Ghairu Muakkad is recommended voluntary prayer without a strong emphasis, such as voluntary prayer Rawatib and incidental nature of voluntary prayers (depending on the time and circumstances, such as prayer kusuf / khusuf only be undertaken when there was an eclipse).
Pillars of Prayer
11 Pillars of Prayer:
1. Intention
2. Takbiratul ihram
3. Capable of standing for
4. Read surah Al Fatihah
5. Ruku 'with thu'maninah
6. I'tidal with thu'maninah
7. Prostrate two times with thu'maninah
8. Sitting between two prostrations with thu'maninah
9. Sitting with thu'maninah and final reading and shalawat prophet tasyahud
10. Reading greetings
11. Orderly (doing harmony respectively)
Prayers congregation
Certain prayers recommended to be done jointly (congregation). At the prayer congregation considered the most competent person who will be appointed as Imam Prayer, and the other will be accepted as a congregation.
• Prayer that can be performed in congregation, among others:
o Prayer Fardhu
o Tarawih
• Prayers congregation to do include:
o Friday Prayers
o Prayer Hari Raya (Eid)
Prayers Istisqa o '
is not obligatory prayer in congregation but preferably in congregation
Prayers in the special conditions
In certain circumstances the obligation to pray given certain exemptions. Suppose that when someone is sick and while on the go (Safar).
When someone in the hospital until the condition can not stand up then he is allowed to pray with the sitting position, whereas if he is unable to sit up so he was allowed to pray with a lie, if by lying he is unable to perform certain movements he can do it with a gesture.
Whereas if someone was on his way, he is allowed to combine (JAMA) or summarize (qashar) prayers. Menjama 'prayer means to combine two prayers at a time that is Dhuhr with ashar or maghrib with the evening. Mengqasar prayer prayer that was meant to summarize four rak'ah (Dhuhr, ashar, evening) into two cycles.
Prayers in the Qur'an
The following are the verses that talk about prayer in the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam.
• Say to My servants who have believed: that they should establish the prayer, spend settled some sustenance which We have given them secretly or openly before the coming day (of Judgement) that on that day there was no buying, selling and friendship (Surat Ibrahim: 31) 14:31
• Surely prayer restrains from (deeds) cruel and unjust. And verily remembrance of Allah (prayers) is greater (preferment from other cults) And Allah knows what you do (al-'Ankabut: 45) 29:45
• So go after them, substitute (the ugly) are a waste of prayer and indulge their desires, then they will probably error (Maryam: 59) 19:59
• Truly man was created to be more tight-fisted laments. When he was stricken sorrow he complaining, and when good she was very stingy, except those who pray daily, they were still working on the prayer (al-Maarij: 19-23) 70:19
History Fadhu Prayers
Prayers that originally required of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers is a Prayer That night, since the revelation of Surat al-Muzzammil (73) Paragraph 1-19. After some time later, come down the next paragraph, namely paragraph 20:
Truly your Lord knows that you stand up (prayer) is less than two-thirds of the night, or half the night or the third and (so did) party of the people with you. And God set the size of night and day. God knows that you will not be able to determine the boundaries of those times, then He gives relief to you, so please read what is easy (for you) in the Quran. He knows that there will be among you those who are sick and people who walk the land, seeking of Allah's bounty; and other people who fight in Allah's way again, read what is easy (for you) from Al Quran and establish regular Prayer, give regular Charity, and loan to Allah a good loan. And whatever good you do to yourself you would have obtained a (reward) him on the side of God as a reward the best and greatest reward. And ask forgiveness of Allah, Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
With the decline of this paragraph, Night Prayers law into circumcision. Ibn Abbas, Ikrimah, Mujahid, al-Hasan, Qatadah, and other salaf scholars say about this 20th verse, "Verily this paragraph to remove liability Night Prayers God originally enjoined for Muslims.
